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The Lament for Icarus
''The Lament for Icarus'' is a painting by Herbert James Draper, showing dead Icarus, surrounded by lamenting nymphs. The wings of Icarus are based on the bird-of-paradise pattern.〔Jacob E. Nyenhuis. (''Myth and the creative process: Michael Ayrton and the myth of Daedalus, the maze maker'' ), Wayne State University Press, 2003, p. 54, ISBN 0-8143-3002-9〕 In 1898 the painting was bought from the Royal Academy exhibition through The Chantrey Bequest, a public fund for purchasing modern art bequeathed by Sir Francis Leggatt Chantrey, R.A..〔("The Chantrey Bequest" )>〕 ''The Lament for Icarus'' was subsequently awarded the gold medal at the Exposition Universelle of 1900 in Paris.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Art Reproduction of Draper )〕
According to Dr. Justine Hopkins, Draper identifies Icarus "with the other heroes of the Pre-Raphaelites and symbolists, who, like James Dean half a century later, manage to live fast, die young and leave a beautiful corpse".〔
==The composition==
In 1890s Draper was focused mainly on ancient Greek mythological subjects. Frederic Leighton had depicted Icarus in 1869, but while Leighton showed the preparations for the flight, Draper depicted the tragic ending of the flight. For the composition Draper adopted Leighton's method of depicting separate figures, for which he employed four young professional models (Ethel Gurden, Ethel Warwick, Florence Bird and Luigi di Luca).〔Alison Smith. ''Exposed: The Victorian Nude'', Watson-Guptill, 2002〕
The use of the male body as a vehicle for the projection of subjective emotion, as in ''The Lament for Icarus'', is a feature of late-Victorian painting and sculpture,〔 and in ''The Lament for Icarus'' the body appears to melt within the arms of one nymph. Draper applied liquid light effects without abandoning form and used mainly warm colors. The tanned skin of Icarus refers to his close approach to the Sun before falling down. The rays of the setting sun on distant cliffs emphasize the transience of time. Moralizing, sentimental and sensual, ''The Lament for Icarus'' ultimately became a well-composed image of epic failure. However, somewhat surprising, Icarus has his wings fully intact, contrary to the myth where the wax melted and Icarus fell flapping his bare arms.〔Ovid. "Daedalus et Icarus." ''Metamorhposes.''〕 The image of a "winged creature" is likely utilized to create a more symbolic, romantic and elegant appearance.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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